A graded bandgap perovskite solar cell

Abstract

In order to better understand the properties of perovskite solar cells, more especially, MAPb(I1-xBrx)3 structure. This study examines advancements and optimization strategies in photovoltaic solar cell technology. The study explores graded bandgap engineering in the absorber layer to improve photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) using (C-TiO2) as (ETL) and Spiro-OMeTAD as (HTL). The work systematically modifies the iodine to bromine ratio in order to maximize light absorption and charge carrier dynamics and attain high PCE. It also looks at how changing the absorber, HTL, and ETL layers' thicknesses and doping levels affects efficiency as a whole. An optimal configuration was determined by empirical analysis and extensive simulations using Silvaco ATLAS: 0.6 μm for the absorber layer thickness, 0.1 μm for the HTL and ETL layers, and 1x 1017 doping levels for both layers, yielding a PCE of 22.35%.