Etude de quelques facturs épidémiologiques de la fusariose vasculaire de pois chiche ( Cicer aretinum L.) causée par fusarium oxysporum f.sp ciceris

Abstract

Chickpea is one of the most important legumes in the world. In Algeria, the yields of this crop remain very low due to the constraints of biotic and abiotic order. Fusarium wilt is a biotic stress caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri (FOC) which generates very significant damage. Our study aims to study the spatiotemporal disease and infectious and mode. The diagnosis of fusarium wilt of chickpea made during the crop year 2015, has revealed that the spread of the disease is recorded in all surveyed plots. The results show that the flowering stage and pod filling and training are the most sensitive stages to the disease, the recorded values are highest above 93,57% for the incidence and the severity index 46, 57. The debris of culture, ensure the availability of inoculums of FOC and significantly increase the incidence and severity of vascular wilt disease. The seeds of chickpea are a means of spreading the causative agent of the disease. The analyzes carried out on registered grains showed a contamination rate varies between 1,25 and 13, 75% with an average of about 5,94% transmission. However, a very high transmission ratio of seed to plant has been found for seeds harvested fields with an equal rate to 37,88%, followed by seeds approved with a rate equal to 14,71%. Keywords: Epidemiology, Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp ciceris, transmission, seeds, debris, progression, phenological stage.