Analysis and Modelling of High-Speed Optical Fiber Transmission System

Abstract

systems have witnessed tremendous development over time, as traditional copper cables, such as coaxial cables, are no longer able to meet the high-speed data transmission requirements. This has driven the adoption of more efficient technologies such as optical fibers. The results of the dissertation showed that the analysis and modeling using OptiSystem demonstrated the superiority of the NRZ encoding technique over RZ in terms of signal quality, bit error rate (BER), and system resilience to noise and interference, especially when transmitting data over long distances up to 90 kilometers. The performance simulation relied on precise criteria such as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and Eye Diagrams, which confirmed that NRZ provides a clearer and more stable signal, enhancing its efficiency in high-speed optical networks. The study also explored the historical development of communication systems and the advantages of fiber-optic technology, focusing on the major challenges facing data transmission such as attenuation and dispersion, and the need for advanced solutions like optical amplifiers and dispersion compensation modules. The comparison between encoding schemes confirmed that NRZ offers an ideal balance between spectral efficiency and performance reliability, making it the best choice for long-distance transmission, while RZ showed performance degradation in high-noise environments. These findings highlight the importance of selecting the most appropriate encoding technique to ensure maximum efficiency and reliability in modern optical communication networks.