Routage à délai borné et à basse consommation énergétique pour les réseaux de capteurs et d’actionneurs sans fil

Abstract

n this present work, we are interested in wireless sensor and actor networks (WSANs). In particular, the problem addressed is that of routing of the sensed data by sensor nodes to their corresponding actor nodes. With such routing, it is necessary to establish energyefficient routes, because of the limited energy of sensor nodes, while ensuring the arrival of data before the given deadline so that, the actor nodes can react quickly. As these two objectives are contradictory, it is necessary to ensure a balance, and therefore, a tradeoff between these two needs of energy-consumption minimization and the quick delivering of the sensed data. To answer this question, we have proposed in this work, a new protocol that we have called LDER as an acronym for Localized Delay-bounded and Energy-efficient Routing. LDER was proposed on the basis of another protocol named DEDA. This last was improved by proposing new solutions allowing a greater conservation of energy. To validate LDER, we proceeded by simulation using J-sim simulator. Our protocol with DEDA have both been integrated into this simulator. The results obtained after the various experiments carried out, are presented in the form of curves and snapshots, and show the capacity of LDER to ensure the desired balance and also its superiority in comparison to DEDA. 4 P l ¢ ¤ Yl .TyklF® 􀀀 A r m 􀀀 ¤ As m 􀀀 AkbJ w b 􀀀 􀀀@¡ Cw m dq t§ ¨t 􀀀 A Ayb 􀀀 q Tyfy ¨ mt Aht A` An ¤A ¨t 􀀀 TlkKm 􀀀 ,QwO 􀀀 ©C¤rS 􀀀 , qn 􀀀 􀀀@¡ ® .TbFAnm 􀀀 A r m 􀀀 Y As m 􀀀 rV A¡CA`KtF􀀀 T AW 􀀀 CdOm 􀀀r\ T AWl ­r w 􀀀CAs ® A Ayb 􀀀 ¢y w Yl Qr 􀀀 ¨n E rZ ¨ A Ayb 􀀀 ¢t¡ w}¤ Yl Qr 􀀀 AS§ ¤ , As m 􀀀 zym§ ©@ 􀀀 ¤d m 􀀀 y dh 􀀀 §@¡ ± A¾r\ , 􀀀w 􀀀 ¨ .T rs T A tF¯􀀀 A r m 􀀀 yWts ¨k d T A 􀀀 y XF¤ A § , ¨ At A ¤ , E􀀀wt 􀀀 kJ AmR ©C¤rS 􀀀 m , AS Ant

w 􀀀 ¨ TWqtlm 􀀀 A Ayb 􀀀 w}¤ Yl Qr 􀀀 ¤ Th T AW 􀀀 ®htF􀀀 ylq Y A¾d§d ¯w w ¤r m` 􀀀 􀀀@¡ ¨ An rt 􀀀 ,TlkKm 􀀀 ¢th .©r Th FAnm 􀀀 Localized Delay-Bounded and Energy-Efficient Tlm CAOt A LDER F􀀀 ¢yl AnqlV DEDA Yms§ r w w ¤r xAF Yl w w ¤rb 􀀀 􀀀@¡ 􀀀rt 􀀀 dq .Routing Cd AOt A ms wl 􀀀 Tlm 􀀀rt 􀀀 ® ry ±􀀀 􀀀@¡ ys t Anm y AS§ ¤ ry ±􀀀 􀀀@¡ A A m Anm rtqm 􀀀 w w ¤rb 􀀀 Ty A` Ab ³ .T AW 􀀀 rb Ahyl wO 􀀀 ¨t 􀀀 ¶Atn 􀀀 .Amhny T CAqm 􀀀 dh Anlm ¢yl dmt 􀀀 ©@ 􀀀 w w ¤rb 􀀀 ¶Atn 􀀀 ¢t¡ .r @ 􀀀 As 􀀀 E􀀀wt 􀀀 yq 􀀀 An QA 􀀀 􀀀rt ¯􀀀 Ty A` tb .DEDA Yl 􀀀rt ¯􀀀 􀀀@¡ wf AS§ tb

n this present work, we are interested in wireless sensor and actor networks (WSANs). In particular, the problem addressed is that of routing of the sensed data by sensor nodes to their corresponding actor nodes. With such routing, it is necessary to establish energyefficient routes, because of the limited energy of sensor nodes, while ensuring the arrival of data before the given deadline so that, the actor nodes can react quickly. As these two objectives are contradictory, it is necessary to ensure a balance, and therefore, a tradeoff between these two needs of energy-consumption minimization and the quick delivering of the sensed data. To answer this question, we have proposed in this work, a new protocol that we have called LDER as an acronym for Localized Delay-bounded and Energy-efficient Routing. LDER was proposed on the basis of another protocol named DEDA. This last was improved by proposing new solutions allowing a greater conservation of energy. To validate LDER, we proceeded by simulation using J-sim simulator. Our protocol with DEDA have both been integrated into this simulator. The results obtained after the various experiments carried out, are presented in the form of curves and snapshots, and show the capacity of LDER to ensure the desired balance and also its superiority in comparison to DEDA. 4 P l ¢ ¤ Yl .TyklF® 􀀀 A r m 􀀀 ¤ As m 􀀀 AkbJ w b 􀀀 􀀀@¡ Cw m dq t§ ¨t 􀀀 A Ayb 􀀀 q Tyfy ¨ mt Aht A` An ¤A ¨t 􀀀 TlkKm 􀀀 ,QwO 􀀀 ©C¤rS 􀀀 , qn 􀀀 􀀀@¡ ® .TbFAnm 􀀀 A r m 􀀀 Y As m 􀀀 rV A¡CA`KtF􀀀 T AW 􀀀 CdOm 􀀀r\ T AWl ­r w 􀀀CAs ® A Ayb 􀀀 ¢y w Yl Qr 􀀀 ¨n E rZ ¨ A Ayb 􀀀 ¢t¡ w}¤ Yl Qr 􀀀 AS§ ¤ , As m 􀀀 zym§ ©@ 􀀀 ¤d m 􀀀 y dh 􀀀 §@¡ ± A¾r\ , 􀀀w 􀀀 ¨ .T rs T A tF¯􀀀 A r m 􀀀 yWts ¨k d T A 􀀀 y XF¤ A § , ¨ At A ¤ , E􀀀wt 􀀀 kJ AmR ©C¤rS 􀀀 m , AS Ant

w 􀀀 ¨ TWqtlm 􀀀 A Ayb 􀀀 w}¤ Yl Qr 􀀀 ¤ Th T AW 􀀀 ®htF􀀀 ylq Y A¾d§d ¯w w ¤r m` 􀀀 􀀀@¡ ¨ An rt 􀀀 ,TlkKm 􀀀 ¢th .©r Th FAnm 􀀀 Localized Delay-Bounded and Energy-Efficient Tlm CAOt A LDER F􀀀 ¢yl AnqlV DEDA Yms§ r w w ¤r xAF Yl w w ¤rb 􀀀 􀀀@¡ 􀀀rt 􀀀 dq .Routing Cd AOt A ms wl 􀀀 Tlm 􀀀rt 􀀀 ® ry ±􀀀 􀀀@¡ ys t Anm y AS§ ¤ ry ±􀀀 􀀀@¡ A A m Anm rtqm 􀀀 w w ¤rb 􀀀 Ty A` Ab ³ .T AW 􀀀 rb Ahyl wO 􀀀 ¨t 􀀀 ¶Atn 􀀀 .Amhny T CAqm 􀀀 dh Anlm ¢yl dmt 􀀀 ©@ 􀀀 w w ¤rb 􀀀 ¶Atn 􀀀 ¢t¡ .r @ 􀀀 As 􀀀 E􀀀wt 􀀀 yq 􀀀 An QA 􀀀 􀀀rt ¯􀀀 Ty A` tb .DEDA Yl 􀀀rt ¯􀀀 􀀀@¡ wf AS§ tb